Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed. Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioral and lifestyle factors. For cognitive activity, the frequencies of 11 different cognitive and cultural activities are recorded (low risk: 33 or higher high risk: less than 33).
New General Self-Efficacy Scale a Behaviors affecting dementia risk factors: diagnosis, regular checks and management of cardiometabolic health BMI physical and cognitive activity diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking Dementia Risk Profile Symptom severity for 2 dimensions (anxiety and depression) pooled score indicates psychological distress Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Extent to which daily life is perceived as stressful Perceived Stress Scale a Extent of social networks 3 dimensions (family, neighbors and friends) Lubben Social Network Scale Multiattribute utility instrument that generates psychometric and Quality of Life Years scores based on 8 dimensions of health-related quality of life: physical health (independent living, pain, and senses) and psychosocial health (mental health, happiness, coping, relationships, and selfworth) Assessment of Quality of Life Cognitive performance: idea density, grammar, and sentence construction Written reflection task Cognitive performance: image naming, picture description, and audio files providing approximately 2000 lexicosyntactic, acoustic, and semantic features for analysis Talk2Me Online Cognitive performance: Paired Associates Learning captures learning and recall of visual information over successive trials and is sensitive to cognitive decline in early Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment Spatial Working Memory assesses executive function, retention, and manipulation of visuospatial information Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Online Motor and cognitive performance using keyboard tapping, visuomotor reaction tests, and visuospatial working memory tests providing approximately 1000 motor-cognitive features for analysis TAS Test Biomarker levels indicative of dementia pathology (eg, beta-amyloid, phosphorylated tau, and neurofilament light) measured in plasma or serum using enzyme-linked immunoassay, SIMOA, b and mass spectrometry Blood samples Candidate gene markers related to Alzheimer disease such as apolipoprotein epsilon-E and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor polymorphism measured via blood samples The dementia risk profile questionnaire and scoring are based on risk criteria outlined by the World Health Organization and the Australian National University's Alzheimer Risk Index. Beliefs and attitudes toward lifestyle and behavioral changes for dementia risk reduction Motivation to Change Lifestyle and Health Behaviours for Dementia Risk Reduction Scale Functional, communicative, and critical health literacy All Aspects of Health Literacy Scale a Perceived ability to achieve a range of different types of task.
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